The Great Schism

Everyone help me give a warm welcome to our last guest here. For this last person, we have brought in Pope Leo IX. Leo, today we are going to be talking about the East-West Schism. Could you start us off by telling us how this began?

L: Well, there is no one particular date of when the church began to split, as it happened over periods of time, but I will try to explain what happened in the beginning. In a sense, it started around 1054. A representative of mine excommunicated the Constantinople Patriarch, who then excommunicated me. This is how the Eastern Orthodox Church began to break away from Catholicism. Before I go into explaining all of that in detail though, let me explain how church power is split up. There are 5 Patriarchs, and Christians fell under the power of the Patriarch of the area. The 5 patriarchs controlled Antioch, Alexandria, Jerusalem, Constantinople, and Rome. The two most powerful is the Constantinople Patriarch, and the Roman Patriarch, or the Pope.

Go on.

L: Well, later on, the other three Patriarchs fell to Muslim rule, and the pope had to rely on the Franks for protection. This left just 2 powers, with no one to act as a mediator. When I tried to work with the Byzantine Emperor to stave off the Normans, I was to be given control of an area that was already under the control of the Constantinople Patriarch Michael Cerularius. He told the people there to not listen to me. I responded by having him excommunicated. This is what led to the Orthodox Church.  It also resulted in the Byzantine Empire falling to the Ottoman Empire without my help.

Well, that wraps up our interviews. I hope you have learned something.

 

"Schism of 1054." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 14 Nov. 2010.

Columbus Leaves Spain

Today we have a VERY special guest, folks. He is the reason most of you are in your comfy American homes, and not in the crowded cities of Europe. Guessed who yet? May I introduce Christopher Columbus. Today, we are going to focus on how America was discovered, and how it influenced history. How did your trip begin?

C: My trip began with a thought. I believed the earth was predominantly land, and that Asia was fairly close to Western Europe. All someone would have to do is sale a small ways out from Europe, and you are on the other side of the world. The trade routes this would open up would be tremendous. Many people seem to think I was in it for the adventure. While I did enjoy that, I really just wanted the money and fame. When I first told the King of Portugal of my plan, and asked for funding for the trip, I was rejected. I then went to Spain and pleaded my case to Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand in 1492. They agreed to give me 3 ships and a crew.

How did your voyage go?

Well, we set off August 3^rd, 1492. The voyage stretched my crew to its limits. On October 12^th, we finally spotted land, after over 2 months at sea. We had arrived in the Bahamas, but at the time, I thought we had landed in India. I explored a few more islands, and left 40 men on the islands, and started back towards Spain. I made many other trips across the Atlantic, and established several colonies. After my 4^th expedition, I came back to find Queen Isabella had died, and all support for me was gone. I died in the year 1506 with neither the fame nor power I hoped to achieve.

A lot has come of your discovery. It obviously started the settling of the Americas. It almost doubled the known world’s land. Something else came of your discovery though. The Native Americans already living in America were cut down by warfare, disease, and viscous settlers looking for land. I will also point out you did not first discover America; you were just the first to have it well documented. Nevertheless, you changed history. Tune in for my final interview.

"Christopher Columbus." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 14 Nov. 2010.

Charlemagne

Today we bring in the great Charlemagne. You have done quite a few things in your life, haven’t you? How about you go ahead and tell us about your early life.

C: I was born in 742 to my father Pippin the Short, and I inherited his legacy and land. My grandfather was Charles “the hammer” Martel, who I believe was interviewed just a bit ago by you. Nothing of particular interest happened during my childhood.

How did your first few years of being a ruler go?

C: Well, when my father passed away, the land was split in two. My brother Carloman got the better half of the kingdom. His part was compact and easy to control. My half was underdeveloped, and had just been incorporated into our lands, so there were many rebels in my half. Me and my brother were also growing hostile towards each other, which probably would have resulted in a war if my brother had not passed away, leaving me with both halves in 771.

So you have your kingdom in check. What did you do then?

C: One of the first things I did was tried to take over and convert Saxony to Christianity. It took 30 years, but we did it. They put up a huge fight, though. I then threw my lot in with the pope and invaded Lombard, further adding to my Kingdom. I made massive reforms on my Clergy. I encouraged them to learn how to read and write, so it was easier to teach the bible to people, which resulted in a mini renaissance. Scholars from around the world came to research various things.  I also weeded out corruption by presiding over various religious councils. When Pope Leo III was named Pope, he had many enemies. He was kidnapped, blinded and turned into a mute, and accused of adultery and corruption. He escaped and came to me. I helped him regain his sight and speech, and then marched to Rome to catch the rebels. For this, I was crowned Emperor.

Anything happen when you became Emperor?

C: Very little. I had to deal with constant Viking threats, but other than that, I just lived out my life in my palace. In my old age, I crowned my son king, and died in 814. I believed I made a difference though. I set myself as a role model of a Christian King, and I impacted the political world for years to come through my ties with the pope.

You sure did a lot in your life, and you’re right, you did have a large impact on the world. To my bloggers, keep tuning in, we got 2 more people coming up.

"Charlemagne." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 14 Nov. 2010.

The Crusades

Today, we welcome the king of England, Richard the Lionhearted. He has just finished a grueling campaign to regain the holy city of Jerusalem. Before we talk about that, how about you tell us how these crusades started, and just what they are, Richard.

R: Well, the crusades started in 1096. People with the means would make pilgrimages to Jerusalem. When Jerusalem was captured by the Turks, Christians were turned away. In response to this, Pope Urban II asked knights to help retake the holy city. There was a second reason to this. All over Europe, various lords were getting into fights with each other. By focusing the knights on Jerusalem, there would be less bloodshed in Europe.

And how did this first crusade and the others leading up to yours go?

R: The first crusade was successful at taking Jerusalem with the help of the Byzantine Empire. For a while, this all worked out fine, with the area split up into 4 sections, each ruled by a noble. A lot of knights went home after they were done though, leaving the army weakened. One of the sections was captured, and the rest weakened, causing the second crusade to start. Because of disagreements, it, for the most part, failed. In the year 1187, the Muslim General Saladin captured back Jerusalem. That’s where I came in.

How did your Crusade go?

Well, I lead the third crusade. Actually, I was one of three leaders, but one died on the way there, and the other one fled back to capture France from me. I managed to capture some of the Mediterranean Coast, but I did not actually fight for Jerusalem. Me and the general Saladin came to an agreement; I would let them hang on to Jerusalem if they were more lenient on allowing Christian pilgrimages.

Thank you for taking the time to be a part of this blog. As for my readers, I got more interviews of famous figures coming.

 

"The Crusades (Overview)." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 14 Nov. 2010.

Magna Carta

Today we bring you King John. Although you probably don’t know it, it is indirectly because of this man we are not all slaves. King John, tell us about the document in question, the Magna Carta.

John: I hate that document so much. I was forced to sign it after I abused my power a little by doing things like greatly increasing taxes. The Barons of the lands forced me to sign that in 1215. Through signing it, I put every ruler to come after me under the thumb of the law. I believe your constitution and Bill of Rights are based off of it. It basically states I can’t kill someone I don’t like for no reason, and I can’t take your money and food. It didn’t work at all the first few years, so I didn’t really follow it. After I died, King Henry the third came up with some revisions making it more applicable.

The Magna Carta is one of the most famous documents in history, and guarantees our rights nowadays. Good luck, John, with your new rules.

"Magna Carta." Reference Center. Web. <http://www.referencecenter.com/ref/reference/MagnaCar/Magna_Carta?invocationType=ar1clk&flv=1>.

Battle of Tours

Welcome Mr. Martel. Congratulations on your big victory over the Muslims! You should be quite proud. Tell us, what was the battle like?

Charles: Well, the battle happened October 25, 732 near Tours and Poitiers. The battle happened because the Muslims captured Spain, which allowed them to be close enough to raid Gaul on a regular basis. In 732, a large raid swept through lower France, led by Abd ar-Rahman I. The duke of the area, Odo, requested my help, and I decided to step in. I requested land from the church where I could train my troops, and my request was granted. We first used stirrups in this battle, allowing our cavalry to become very effective. After we had won, raids in the area effectively stopped. It was a major accomplishment of the century.

Thank you Charles, coming up next, William the Conqueror.

"Battle of Tours." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 14 Nov. 2010.

William the Conqueror

Good morning bloggers, we have a special guest today. Please help me welcome William the Conqueror. William, let’s start off with your early life.

W: well, I was born in the year 1027 A.D. in a town in France. I was the basterd child of Duke Robert of Normandy. I gained my father’s land and wealth at a young age when he died. I had many powerful friends, but also many powerful enemies. My cousin Count Guy even tried to take over Normandy, and it was only through the assistance of King Henry that I prevailed.

How did you get the throne?

W: it started when I was married to Matilda in 1053, which strengthened my ties with England. I began conquering more land and making strong alliances to increase my influence. I also made friends with the Catholic Church. In 1066, King Edward died and Harold II was crowned king. He had to fend off an attack from the King of Norway, who also wished to be king of England. This made his army tired and weak, and I managed to beat him at the battle of Hastings.

What did you do once you were king?

W: I first had to completely solidify my leadership by dealing with certain individuals and invading Scotland and Wales. I am mostly famous however, for my taxes.  I made all large land owners swear an oath to me, and had my agents collect information on all properties for use in taxation and land disputes. I finally died in the year 1087.

"William the Conqueror." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 14 Nov. 2010.